Pholeomyia species have been reared from the nests of leaf-cutting ants, where the larvae develop in the detritus of the fungus gardens. Other species develop in the nests of leaf-cutting bees (Megachile) or in bat dung found in caves
Posterior end of the anepisternum with row of 3-4 strong setae
Nearctic and Neotropical Region, with one described species in the Afrotropical and Oceanic Region each
Classification: Pholeomyia

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia vockerothi

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia texensis

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia sororcula

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia schnusei

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia schineri

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia robertsoni

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia quadrifasciata

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia pseudodecora

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia prominens

Classification: Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia praesecta
This key has been adapted from Brake (2000).
1. Vibrissa below or at the level of lower margin of eye; head in profile subquadrate; vertical diameter of eye less than 1.5x the horizontal diameter. Frons in male as wide as in female. Wing with subcostal notch seldom evident, never well-developed; R4+5 and M1 not or only slightly converging at tips; distal margin of anal cell (CuA2) usually rounded (if not, then epistoma extended dorsally, subtriangular). Abdominal tergites of male without silvery microtomentum.
Classification: Aldrichiomyza; Borneomyia; Costalima; Desmometopa; Enigmilichia; Eusiphona; Leptometopa; Litometopa; Madiza; Madizinae; Microsimus; Milichia; Milichia distinctipennis; Milichia speciosa; Milichiella; Milichiinae; Neophyllomyza; Paramyia; Pholeomyia; Phyllomyza; Phyllomyzinae; Stomosis; Ulia; Xenophyllomyza; Milichiidae
Summarized from Brake (2000)
The Milichiidae are a monophyletic family (Click here for phylogenetic tree).
Apomorphic characters for the Milichiidae are:
Classification: Aldrichiomyza; Borneomyia; Costalima; Desmometopa; Enigmilichia; Eusiphona; Leptometopa; Leptometopa niveipennis; Litometopa; Madiza; Madizinae; Microsimus; Milichia; Milichia distinctipennis; Milichia speciosa; Milichiella; Milichiella freyi; Milichiella nigeriae nigeriae; Milichiella populi; Milichiella sp. B; Milichiella sp. K; Milichiella tosi; Milichiinae; Neophyllomyza; Paramyia; Paramyioides; Pholeomyia; Pholeomyia nigricosta; Phyllomyza; Phyllomyzinae; Platophrymia; Stomosis; Ulia; Xenophyllomyza; Acartophthalmidae; Australimyzidae; Carnidae; Chloropidae; Milichiidae; Tethinidae