T.  Becker, ?Cyclorrhapha Schizophora: Holometopa?, in Katalog der paläarktischen Dipteren, vol. 4, T.  Becker, Bezzi, M., Kertész, K., and Stein, P., Eds. Budapest: , 1905, pp. 1-273.

E.  Wahlgren, ?25. Fam. Sprickflugor. Milichiidae?, in Svensk Insektfauna II. Diptera 2. Cyclorrhapha 2. Schizophora. Fam. 21-26, Stockholm: , 1927, pp. 381-384.