02242nas a2200181 4500008004100000245007300041210006900114260001500183300001400198490000700212520171100219653001001930653001801940653002401958653002201982100001702004856003902021 2016 eng d00aEntomofaunal Succession Patterns on Burnt and Unburnt Rabbit Carrion0 aEntomofaunal Succession Patterns on Burnt and Unburnt Rabbit Car c2015/12/15 a296–3030 v533 a

The influence of burning on the decomposition of rabbit carcasses and on insect succession was investigated in three different habitats (agricultural, desert, and urban) in order to provide data for estimating the postmortem interval (PMI). Each site had six carcasses divided into two groups of three rabbits, with the carcasses in one group being partially burned, while the others were not burned. Carrion reached the dry stage within 5 d in the desert and urban habitats and 13 d in the agricultural habitat. The unburnt and burnt carcasses also decomposed at a similar rate in the three study habitats. Adult dipteran and coleopteran insects were collected daily. A total of 24 species and 2,381 specimens were collected; of these, 732 specimens from 21 species were taken from the partially burnt carcasses and 1,649 specimens from 21 species from the unburnt carcasses. There were significantly distinct insect communities between the agricultural habitat and the desert and urban habitats. There were also significant differences in the insect communities between the decay stage and other stages, with fresh and dry stages recording the lowest number of insects. There were some species which only presented themselves during the decay stage of decomposition, namely, Platypalpus sp., Desmometopa varipalpis Malloch, Atherigona orientalis (Schiner), Atherigona yorki Deeming, Musca sorbens Weidemann, and Onthophagus nitidulus Klug. In addition, there were significant distinctions in the insect communities between unburnt carcasses and burnt carcasses. The presence of these distinctions means that it is possible to estimate the PMI from partially burnt rabbit carcasses.

10aburnt10adecomposition10aforensic entomology10ainsect succession1 aMashali, AMA uhttps://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjv20201773nas a2200193 4500008004100000245010400041210006900145300001600214490000700230520118400237653001801421653001201439653002401451653001701475653001101492100001701503700002001520856003901540 2016 eng d00aDifferential Diptera succession patterns on decomposed rabbit carcasses in three different habitats0 aDifferential Diptera succession patterns on decomposed rabbit ca a1192–11970 v533 a

This study describes for the first time the necrophagous Diptera attracted to rabbit carcasses in three distinct habitats in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). A mean number of 1,427 flies belonging to 8 families and 16 species were collected during the decomposition process of the rabbits at the three different sites. Carcasses in the agricultural habitat attracted 1,146 flies from 7 families and 14 species, compared to carcasses in the urban site, which attracted 249 flies from 5 families and 9 species. Carcasses in the desert site attracted the lowest number (28 flies from 4 families and 5 species). In the agricultural and desert sites, flies were represented at all decomposition stages. Also, in the urban site, flies were represented at all stages except the fresh and dry stages. Lucilia sericata Meigen was the most abundant species occurring in both the agricultural and desert sites, while Musca domestica L. was the most abundant species occurring in the urban site. The evidence presented here, therefore, suggests that L. sericata and M. domestica are potentially useful species for estimating minimal postmortem intervals in this region of KSA.

10adecomposition10aDiptera10aforensic entomology10anecrophagous10aRiyadh1 aMashali, AMA1 aAl-Mekhlafi, FA uhttps://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjw07903662nas a2200217 4500008004100000245013100041210006900172300001100241490000700252520301000259653001303269653002103282653001303303653000903316653001903325100001903344700001303363700001703376700001203393856003903405 2015 eng d00aThe importance of habitat in the ecology of decomposition on rabbit carcasses in malaysia: implications in forensic entomology0 aimportance of habitat in the ecology of decomposition on rabbit  a9–230 v523 a

The stages of decomposition and the faunal succession on rabbit carcasses in three different habitats, namely jungle, rural, and highland areas, were studied. Three New Zealand White rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) carcasses weighing ∼2 kg were sampled daily until the decomposition process was completed. Representative specimens of adult flies, larvae, pupa, and mites were collected from the carcasses and processed in the laboratory. There were differences in decomposition rate and faunal succession between the carcasses. The fastest rate of decomposition was recorded in rural area, and the slowest rate of decomposition was recorded in highland area. The carcasses exhibited the same pattern of colonization by adult flies, but the dominant species of larvae and adult flies on each carcass in specific habitats were different. The primary species of flies recorded in jungle were Chrysomya megacephala F., Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart), Chrysomya chani Kurahashi, Chrysomya villenuevi Patton, Chrysomya nigripes Aubertin, Chrysomya pinguis (Walker), Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wiedemann), Hemipyrellia tagaliana (Bigot), Hypopyiopsis fumipennis (Walker), Hypopygiopsis violacea (Macquart), and Hydrotaea spinigera Stein represented by both adults and larvae. Musca domestica L., Atherigona sp., Lioproctia pattoni (Senior-White), Lioproctia saprianovae Pape & Bänziger, and Seniorwhitea princeps (Wiedemann) were represented by adults only. The biodiversity of flies in the rural area were C. megacephala, C. rufifacies, H. ligurriens, Fannia canicularis L., Hydrotaea chalcogaster (Wiedemann), and Hyd. spinigera represented by both adults and larvae, meanwhile M. domestica, Atherigona sp., Boettcherisca peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy), Parasarcophaga taenionota Wiedemann, Parasarcophaga scopariiformis Senior-White, and S. princeps were represented by adults only. The species of flies collected in the highland area were Lucilia porphyrina (Walker), C. megacephala, C. rufifacies, C. villenuevi, C. pinguis, H. ligurriens, Hyd. spinigera, Hyd. chalcogaster, F. canicularis, and Boettcherisca highlandica Kurahashi & Tan represented by both adults and larvae, whereas C. nigripes, Chrysomya thanomthini Kurahashi & Tumrasvin, M. domestica, Atherigona sp., Parasarcophaga albiceps Meigen, P. taenionota, Sepsidae, Phoridae, and Millichidae were represented by adults only. Faunal succession followed the sequence of dominant flies, i.e., Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, Sepsidae, and lastly Stratiomyidae for jungle, or Sepsidae for rural and highland studies. Mites, from suborders Mesostigmata, Prostigmata, Astigmatina, and Oribatida, were also recovered throughout decomposition, which could be used for future implementation in forensic investigations. The data obtained from this study could provide more accurate indicators for local forensic scientists in solving criminal cases especially on the determination of time and primary location of death.

10ablow fly10afauna succession10aMalaysia10amite10aRabbit carcass1 aSilahuddin, SA1 aLatif, B1 aKurahashi, H1 aHeo, CC uhttps://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tju00100669nas a2200121 4500008004100000245003300041210003300074300001200107490000700119520035900126100001700485856004500502 1991 eng d00aFlies as forensic indicators0 aFlies as forensic indicators a565-5770 v283 a

Synanthropic flies, particularly calliphorids, are initiators of carrion decomposition and, as such, are the primary and most accurate forensic indicators of time of death. The relevant biology and forensic applications of the egg, larva, pupa, and young adult are discussed for various species, with emphasis on thermal history and age markers.

1 aGreenberg, B uhttps://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/28.5.56500614nas a2200193 4500008004100000245009800041210006900139300001200208490000700220653001200227653001100239653001700250653001600267653001600283653001700299100001300316700001400329856007700343 1986 eng d00aArthropod succession patterns in exposed carrion on the island of Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, USA0 aArthropod succession patterns in exposed carrion on the island o a520-5310 v2310acarrion10aHawaii10alacteipennis10aMilichiella10aMilichiidae10anecrophagous1 aEarly, M1 aGoff, M L uhttp://milichiidae.info/sites/milichiidae.info/files/Early&Goff_1986.pdf